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Jensen Huang proposes Kazakhstan as a hub of physical AI and receives the Order of DostykUzbekistan summons Iran’s ambassador over posts calling the Registan Persian heritageNovak counts three diesel tankers at sea and a 500,000 tonne October export allowanceArmenia has effectively already withdrawn from the CSTO, Masadykov says

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  1. Cross-section of a thick stack of exercise books with one amber ribbon between the layers.
    EconomyBrief1 Oct

    Mirziyoyev sets out 100 English-language STEM schools and 300 foreign campuses

    Meeting teachers ahead of Teachers' Day on 30 September, President Shavkat Mirziyoyev said 40,000 Uzbek teachers now earn $1,000 a month and 1,500 more than $2,000. He set new targets: 100 schools teaching mathematics, informatics and science entirely in English from next year, branches of 300 leading universities, subsidised private schools in 52 overloaded districts and a doubled tax-free income threshold for private-school parents.

  2. Two stacked bars showing Uzbekistan’s state and corporate external debt on 1 January and 1 July 2026 beside a line for the reserves.
    EconomyBrief30 Sept

    Uzbekistan’s external debt reaches $84.1 billion as imports run 24% ahead of a year earlier

    Uzbekistan’s total external debt stood at $84.1 billion on 1 July, $1.9 billion more than on 1 January, the Central Bank’s half-year review of the balance of payments says. Of that, the state owed $41.7 billion and companies and banks $42.4 billion. The current account ran a deficit of about $6.2 billion in the first half, with exports of goods down 8.6% and imports up 24%.

  3. A timeline from 2021 to 2066 marking the airport’s opening, the loan signing, the works and the grace period, beside two bars for 1.6 and 5.2 million passengers.
    EconomyBrief30 Sept

    Mongolia signs a ¥158.3 billion JICA loan at 1.1% over 40 years to triple its main airport

    Finance minister Z. Mendsaikhan and JICA’s president Tanaka Akihiko signed the financing agreement for the Chinggis Khaan airport expansion on Tuesday, during Prime Minister Uchral’s visit to Japan, MNB reported on Wednesday morning. The loan is ¥158.3 billion at a fixed 1.1% a year over 40 years, with 10 years’ grace on principal. Capacity rises from 1.6 million to 5.2 million passengers a year.

  4. A single taut cable stretched across an empty sand-coloured space with one amber drop hanging from its middle.
    EconomyBrief30 Sept

    Merz asks Tokayev for oil in Russia’s place, and Berlin signs 30 documents worth about $2 billion

    Germany wants Kazakh oil to replace the Russian oil it no longer buys, Chancellor Friedrich Merz said beside Kassym-Jomart Tokayev at the Chancellery on Tuesday afternoon. At the same press conference Tokayev counted more than 30 commercial documents worth about $2 billion for the day. He also called Vladimir Putin an outstanding statesman and spoke of freezing hostilities in Ukraine so that talks could begin.

  5. A wall of banded banknote bundles stacked on a customs counter, with one thin bundle set apart under a warm lamp.
    EconomyAnalysis30 Sept

    Russia caps cash roubles for 7 neighbours at 1 million a head and bans firms from carrying any

    A decree Vladimir Putin signed on Tuesday bans anyone from carrying more than 1 million roubles in cash out of Russia into the other 4 members of the Eurasian Economic Union, Azerbaijan, Tajikistan or Uzbekistan. Companies and sole traders may carry none, with 3 exceptions. The $100,000 ceiling that had applied since April is gone, and cash above the limit is confiscated at the border.

  6. A schematic map of the Trans-Caspian corridor as one line across nine unlabelled shapes, with two bars showing $25 billion and $30 billion to 2040.
    EconomyAnalysis30 Sept

    The World Bank prices the corridor at $55 billion to 2040, with $30 billion of it beyond the track

    A World Bank report published on Monday says the Trans-Caspian corridor’s development could triple its volumes, halve its travel times, add 3.3% to the 9 countries’ GDP and create 2 million jobs by 2040. The bill it attaches is at least $25 billion of physical infrastructure and an estimated $30 billion of enabling investment. With reforms, the Bank says, the volumes would quadruple.

  7. A cross-section of a city street showing layered ground and one old sewer pipe with a lit crack.
    EconomyBrief30 Sept

    Sughd expects €32 million from the EBRD for Khujand’s sewers and €70 million for Mastchoh’s water

    The EBRD will finance the modernisation of Khujand’s sewerage system with €32 million under its Green Cities programme, the Sughd regional administration’s press service said after its chairman Rajab Ahmadzoda met the bank’s head of office in Tajikistan, Holger Wiefel. Design is complete and the main works are planned for 2027. A second project, €70 million for Mastchoh district’s water supply and irrigation, is also to start in 2027.

  8. Fresh dark asphalt meeting cracked dry earth at the edge of a new road, with vineyard rows fading into haze beyond.
    EconomyBrief29 Sept

    2 Uzbek-Kazakh border posts go round the clock as trucks through Syrdarya rise 10%

    Uzbekistan's Customs Committee said on Monday evening that the Malik-Syrdarya and Ok Oltin-Tselinny crossings with Kazakhstan will move to 24-hour operation and that the Gishtkuprik customs post is to open in the fourth quarter of 2026. More than 9,200 trucks passed through Syrdarya in September, 10% more than a year earlier, Spot reported at 20:43 Tashkent time.

  9. Customs chiefs of Azerbaijan, Georgia and Türkiye sign a Middle Corridor protocol in Goygol
    EconomyBrief29 Sept

    AIIB signs €158 million for Georgia's Kakheti roads under the Trans-Caspian corridor project

    Georgia and the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank signed a loan of about €158.5 million on Monday at the bank's annual meeting in Doha, the finance ministry said: two new four-lane sections of the Kakheti highway, Badiauri to Chalaubani and Chalaubani to Bakurtsikhe, and a road from Gurjaani to Telavi, 67.4 kilometres in all, inside a €316.8 million road package the World Bank is co-financing.

  10. A glass laboratory flask half full of water on a sand-coloured table, with an amber stopper beside it.
    EconomyBrief29 Sept

    Tokayev in Berlin: German business expects 37 projects worth €1.8 billion, Merz this afternoon

    Kassym-Jomart Tokayev arrived in Germany on Monday evening at Frank-Walter Steinmeier's invitation, Akorda said. The German-Kazakh Business Forum opens on Tuesday at the Haus der Deutschen Wirtschaft in Berlin, where the Ost-Ausschuss expects 37 bilateral projects worth €1.8 billion to be signed, and Chancellor Friedrich Merz receives him at the chancellery in the afternoon to talk energy and raw materials.

  11. A freight wagon’s wheel set seen from rail level on a wide-gauge track, with one amber marker on the rail head.
    EconomyBrief28 Sept

    Georgian Railway buys 200 wagons from Russia for $9.6 million after every tender failed

    The railway signed a direct contract with the Roslavl wagon-repair plant for 200 open wagons at $48,000 each, on a decision of its supervisory board of 27 August, Novosti Gruzii reported on 24 September. Director general Lasha Abashidze gave two reasons: no European maker builds freight wagons for the 1,520 mm gauge, and the Russian price was the lowest.

  12. Four figures from the ADB’s Mongolia disaster ledger for 2015 to 2024: 40,500 disasters, 726 deaths, 11.5 million livestock lost, 1.9 trillion tugrik of losses.
    EconomyBrief28 Sept

    ADB lends Mongolia $100 million against disasters that killed 726 people in a decade

    The Asian Development Bank approved a $100 million loan on Monday for the National Emergency Management Agency: firefighting vehicles, search and rescue, and a digital risk system with early warning. Its ledger for 2015 to 2024 counts more than 40,500 disasters, 726 deaths, 11.5 million livestock lost and ₮1.9 trillion of damage.

  13. A glass carafe pours into a smaller vessel on warm sand, one amber drop caught in the light between them.
    EconomyBrief28 Sept

    Uzbekistan moves funded pensions out of Xalq Bank in 2027 and hands them to hired managers

    The draft decree under public discussion until Wednesday transfers the funded pension system from Xalq Bank to the Pension Fund from 2027, the fund’s executive director Murodbek Otajonov said on Friday, and the money will then go to investment managers chosen by competition. A separate supervisory board, with foreign experts on it, will take the investment decisions instead of the government.

  14. Bar chart of Georgian banks' January to August 2026 net profit in million lari, Bank of Georgia 1,291 and TBC 936.8 in amber far ahead of 13 smaller profitable banks in slate and 4 loss-making banks below zero.
    EconomyBrief25 Sept

    Georgia’s 19 banks earned 2.56 billion lari in 8 months, 20% more than a year earlier, with Bank of Georgia and TBC holding 87% of the profit and 75% of the assets

    The National Bank of Georgia’s figures for January to August 2026, as Business Media Georgia tabulated them on Thursday, give the sector a net profit of 2,564.6 million lari, up 20% on the same months of 2025, on assets of 115.2 billion lari. Bank of Georgia earned 1,291 million and TBC 936.8 million, together 87% of the total, and the two hold 75% of the assets; 15 banks were profitable and 4 lost money, Silk Bank most, at 18.26 million lari.

  15. Timeline chart of the C5+1 format from its first ministerial in Samarkand in 2015 through the Washington summit of November 2025 to Rubio's Samarkand meeting in October 2026 and the Tashkent financial centre's 2027 launch, with the Samarkand marks in amber.
    EconomyAnalysis25 Sept

    Washington books Samarkand for October while BlackRock draws Tashkent’s financial centre: Rubio’s 100 companies, a C5+1 back where it began in 2015, a launch date of 2027

    Secretary of State Marco Rubio will bring “a historic business delegation of more than 100 American companies” to Samarkand in mid-October for the C5+1 ministerial with the five Central Asian foreign ministers, the US special envoy for South and Central Asia Sergio Gor announced on Thursday in a statement the Tashkent press relayed on Friday. The same morning Saida Mirziyoyeva, head of the presidential administration and since 10 September secretary general of the Tashkent International Financial Centre’s council, met BlackRock’s president Robert Kapito and vice chairman Thomas Donilon in New York on the centre’s launch in 2027, with BlackRock “assisting in forming the concept and structure of the Centre”.

  16. A macro still life of a drop of dark sealing wax cooling on cream paper beside a plain brass seal, one amber highlight on the wax.
    EconomyBrief25 Sept

    Azerbaijan’s second investment forum closes on 12 documents by APA’s list and 11 by Report.az’s: an Azerbaijani-Omani fund into Azer-Turk Bank, SOCAR into water, no sums printed

    The second Azerbaijan International Investment Forum in Baku, held under President Aliyev’s patronage, produced a signing list of 12 documents in APA’s count at 12:47 and 11 in Report.az’s at 14:10, with no sum attached to any of them. The one ownership line is the Azerbaijani-Omani investment fund’s non-controlling stake in Azer-Turk Bank, signed for the Azerbaijani side by Deyanet Sadullayev, acting chief executive of the Azerbaijan Investment Holding; SOCAR’s line is a cooperation agreement with the State Water Resources Agency and Esyasoft.

  17. Bar chart of Mongolia's planned split of the 3 trillion tugrik Oyu Tolgoi dividend, 1 trillion to citizens' accounts in amber and 2 trillion to budget spending in slate, with a marker of about 835,000 tugrik a person.
    EconomyBrief25 Sept

    Mongolia’s finance minister splits the 3 trillion tugrik Oyu Tolgoi dividend before it arrives: 1 trillion to citizens’ accounts, 2 trillion to the budget, by a one-off law

    Finance minister Z. Mendsaikhan told a briefing at the State Palace on Thursday that the 3 trillion tugrik dividend expected from Oyu Tolgoi in 2027 will be spent under a one-off law, since the dividend is not a permanent budget revenue: 1 trillion into citizens’ named accounts in the accumulation fund and 2 trillion into current budget spending, on pensions, civil servants’ pay, loans to small business at 10%, mortgages and infrastructure, Ikon reported at 14:48 Ulaanbaatar time. MP G. Ganbaatar had said in the same building at 12:05 that the National Wealth Fund law of 19 April 2024 sends the dividend to citizens’ accounts, about 835,000 tugrik a person, and that “assorted thieving projects” cannot be financed from it.

  18. Extreme close-up of the velvety skin of a single apricot with its seam running diagonally across the frame, lit from the side in amber.
    EconomyBrief24 Sept

    The EU Council adopts 2 years of duty-free entry for about 80% of Armenia’s exports, the only such regime for a country with neither candidate status nor a free-trade area with the EU

    The Council of the European Union formally adopted on Thursday the temporary trade-liberalisation measures for Armenian goods, suspending import duties on about 80% of Armenia’s exports to the EU for 2 years from the day after the regulation’s publication in the Official Journal, Armenpress reported at 14:34. Ireland’s foreign minister Helen McEntee, for the presidency: “We are stepping up our support for Armenia and its people, who have clearly chosen a pro-European path in spite of foreign pressures. Today’s decision will help Armenia’s economy hit by trade restrictions”. Ani Badalyan, the foreign ministry’s spokeswoman, said Armenia becomes the only country that, “without EU candidate status or a Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Area agreement with the EU, receives such an economic benefit”.

  19. Horizontal bar chart of Tajikistan's January to August 2026 growth rates by sector, restaurant services at 61.2 the longest bar and industry's 13.8 in amber.
    EconomyBrief24 Sept

    Tajikistan’s industry grows 13.8% in 8 months to 45.37 billion somoni and its trade 37.2%, with imports running at 3.7 times exports

    Industrial output in Tajikistan reached 45.37 billion somoni in January to August, 13.8% more than a year earlier, the Statistics Agency under the President reported on Thursday through Avesta: processing up 23%, electricity, gas and steam up 19.3%, water and waste up 17.2%. Foreign trade rose 37.2% to $9.23 billion, exports of $1.97 billion against imports of $7.26 billion; freight carried rose 15.2% to 113.7 million tonnes; retail trade grew 30.6% and the services of restaurants, cafes and canteens 61.2%.

  20. A minimalist chalk map on dark slate of a valley border drawn as one white line with two gaps, an amber arrow passing through the wider gap.
    EconomyBrief24 Sept

    Mirziyoyev’s Andijan day: 500,000 sum a tonne for cotton sold through the exchange and a crossing to Kyrgyzstan twice the size of Dustlik

    President Mirziyoyev, at a meeting in Andijan on Thursday, ordered a subsidy of 500,000 sum for every tonne of cotton that farmers sell through the commodity exchange, paid also to the clusters that buy it there, and 1.5 million sum a hectare for clusters growing cotton on their own land, Gazeta.uz reported at 14:55; the interest on textile exporters’ loans is proposed to be compensated above 5% in foreign currency and above 14% in sum for 3 years, and the government is to draft a refund of 3% of the value of goods sold through marketplaces. Out of the same day in Andijan came a border post: Keskanyor, agreed with the Kyrgyz side, twice the size of Dustlik, to be designed and started within 3 months.