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Economy

Tajikistan’s budget surplus grows as energy takes more than a quarter of spending

Tajikistan collected 50.9 billion somoni in January to August and spent 42.3 billion, a surplus of about 8.6 billion against 3.5 billion a year earlier, according to finance ministry figures published by Asia-Plus. Energy took 26.4 percent of spending, up from 20 percent, much of it, Asia-Plus writes, the Rogun dam. The minister has visited the site of an 800 megawatt dam downstream.

A paper relief map on which a slate-blue river divides into four unequal channels, the widest ending at a small dam marked in amber.

Revenue for January to August came to 50.9 billion somoni against 37.3 billion a year earlier, a rise of 36.6 percent and 16.1 percent above plan. Spending rose 25.4 percent to 42.3 billion. For nine months revenue stood at more than 57.1 billion somoni, 14.9 percent above the revised plan, by the same ministry’s count.

Taxes brought about 32.5 billion somoni in eight months, 34.3 percent more than a year earlier and 19.2 percent above plan, with income and profit taxes at about 10.1 billion and value added tax above 12.1 billion. Non-tax revenue was 5.25 billion and grants 918.6 million. Those three lines come to about 38.7 billion, by CAW’s arithmetic, and the remainder of the 50.9 billion is not broken down in Asia-Plus’s report.

On the spending side the fuel and energy complex took about 11.2 billion somoni, or 26.4 percent of the total, against 20 percent a year earlier. Energy took more than one somoni in every four of what the state spent through August. Education followed with 8.6 billion and 20.3 percent, after 19.5 percent a year earlier, social protection with 5 billion and 11.9 percent, health with 3.14 billion and 7.4 percent, culture and sport with 1.8 billion, housing and the environment with 1.77 billion and transport with 1.14 billion.

For the full year the energy line is planned at about 15 billion somoni, and a large part of it, Asia-Plus writes without giving a figure, is the financing of the Rogun hydropower plant. Education is planned at 13.7 billion, social protection at 8.5 billion and health at 5 billion.

Energy took more than one somoni in every four of what the state spent through August.

The energy line is being spent ahead of the calendar. Eight months into the year it has used 11.2 billion of its 15 billion, about three quarters, leaving about 3.8 billion for the last four months, by CAW’s arithmetic. Spending as a whole would have to reach about 24.7 billion in those months for the year to close at the planned 67 billion, so the late-year money goes mostly to lines other than energy.

A surplus in itself is not new. The 2026 budget as adopted foresees revenue of about 65 billion, spending of about 67 billion and a deficit of up to about 1.95 billion somoni, or 1 percent of gross domestic product, and 2025 closed with revenue of 60.3 billion, 13 percent above plan, against spending of 57.1 billion, a gap of 3.2 billion by CAW’s arithmetic. What has changed is the size: 8.6 billion after eight months against 3.5 billion at the same point last year.

The next project is already on the ministry’s itinerary. On 23 October the minister of energy and water resources, Daler Juma, travelled by boat across the Nurek reservoir to the proposed site of the Khutalon hydropower plant, also called Shurob, on the Vakhsh between Rogun upstream and Nurek downstream, the ministry’s press service said in a release carried by Avesta on Monday. He had been to the site before, by road from Rogun.

By the preliminary feasibility study Khutalon would have a capacity of 800 megawatts and generate more than 2.5 billion kilowatt-hours a year, less than a quarter of Rogun’s planned 3,600 megawatts. The release gives no cost, financing or dates.

The 2027 budget, which the government is preparing, will show whether the energy share stays near a quarter while Rogun is built, or begins to fall.