Montsame carried the decision on Thursday. The excise on petrol and diesel is cancelled; customs duties go to zero across petroleum products, aviation fuel included. Industry and mineral resources minister Gongoryn Damdinnam announced the move and put numbers behind the supply side: contracts concluded this month cover 86,500 tonnes of AI-92, 1,300 tonnes of AI-95, 178,700 tonnes of diesel and 7,000 tonnes of aviation fuel from Russia, China and South Korea.
The opening reaches households. Citizens may import fuel duty-free in lots of 10, 100 or 200 litres within safety rules, and licensed importers face no added restrictions, per Montsame's account of the decision.
The week's toolkit is now four instruments deep, each dated. A purchase cap of 50,000 tugriks a day (about $14) per vehicle runs to 15 August. The published August import schedule promises more than 270,000 tonnes. Austerity, ordered a day earlier, cuts current spending 20% at every budget level to 31 December, healthcare exempt. And now the tax line goes.
Each instrument spends a different currency. Rationing spends drivers' patience; the import schedule spends negotiating capital in Moscow, Beijing and Seoul; austerity and the tax cut spend the state's own money. The direction of the tax move is simple: zero excise and zero duty lower the landed cost of every imported litre. What they cannot do is lower the price at which Russia sells. Rosneft moved in July from a fixed $705 a tonne to exchange-linked pricing, adding an estimated 250–300 tugriks a litre, and about 95% of Mongolia's petrol has come from Russia.
The tax cut absorbs part of a rise the state cannot negotiate away.
Damdinnam attached the long ledger: fuel reserves built toward a three-month supply, crude output raised from 400,000 tonnes a year toward 3 million, and a domestic refinery opening in 2028, with about 4,500 people employed on the project. The dates rhyme with the storage schedule already on file, which reaches its three-month reserve in 2028.
Two numbers are absent from the published account: an end date for the zero rates, and what the excise line was worth to the budget. A cabinet that ordered every agency to cut current spending by a fifth cancelled a tax the day after. The size of that second decision is the number that prices it, and it has not been published.